Superpermutation Almanac

n = 12

W-0074

A superpermutation on 12 symbols, found by Jakub Halfar. It beat the previous record, W-0071, by 204 letters, and is the record for n = 12.

Length
522,736,969
Repeated occurrences
177,443
Announced
Oct 20, 2026
Begins 0123456789AB0123456789A0B123456789A01B23456789A012B3456789A0123B456789A01234B56789A012345B6789A0123456B789A01234567B89A0…

Windows

522,736,958windows of 12 consecutive letters
=479,001,600distinct permutations, all 12! of them
+177,443repeated occurrences of a permutation
+43,557,915windows that are not permutations

How it was found

Halfar's local search with two moves from the group: Echols's re-opening of a stretch of consecutive trails and Theo H.'s moving of a trail with a new phase. 204 below Theo H.'s 522,737,173.

Checking

Total check time: 9 s, including preparation but not time in the queue.

ProgramSourceResultTime
classcheck41928cceall 479,001,600 permutations appear, by rotation class3 s
bitmapcheck288b3f67agrees, by Lehmer rank2 s
wordhash94925fe4the SHA-256 of the word and of its mirror3 s
SHA-256aca95cbd28ad73b556805344113a84579fc8bbfeba560b0e8c8cbd5244c7eb6c Compilerrustc 1.89.0 (29483883e 2025-08-04)

Download

Download Detour (.detour) 59.7 kB, or 522.7 MB decoded

Decode to text

# check it yourself
detour decode W-0074.detour - | tr -d '\n' | shasum -a 256
tar xzf checkers-rs-source.tar.gz && cd checkers-rs && cargo build --release --locked
./target/release/classcheck 12 ../W-0074.detour 522736969
./target/release/bitmapcheck 12 ../W-0074.detour 522736969
./target/release/wordhash 12 ../W-0074.detour 522736969

Decoding needs detour; see the Detour format for how to build and install it. The checkers are in checkers-rs-source.tar.gz, which needs Rust 1.89 or later; each one decodes the file itself, so the word is never written out.

The file's header gives n = 12 and sync exponent 0. The file has 5,194,115 tokens: 1 START, 1 literal of 1 byte in all, and 5,194,113 deviations. Deviations by weight, from 1 to 12: 177,443 · 1,409,783 · 3,605,154 · 281 · 118 · 937 · 104 · 120 · 144 · 22 · 7 · 0.