Superpermutation Almanac
Proved at least
33
Shortest known
33
Gap
0

The record is W-0003, found by Daniel A. Ashlock and Jenett Tillotson in 1993.

Every verified word

WordLengthFound byDateShorter than the record beforeRepeatsOther windows
W-0003 33 Daniel A. Ashlock and Jenett Tillotson 1993 — 0 6

Bounds at n = 4

Upper bounds
34Egan's bound, Greg Egan, 2018Paper
33W-0003, the shortest known word, Daniel A. Ashlock and Jenett Tillotson, 1993Checked word
0gap
Lower bounds
33The Hunter–Raudvere bound, Zach Hunter and Uku Raudvere, 2026Lean, statement reviewed
33The 4chan bound, Anonymous 4chan poster, Robin Houston, Jay Pantone jaypantone and Vince Vatter, 2011Paper

All bounds, with their formulas